Effect of isolated chromatographic fractions of Citrus medica seeds: In vivo study on anti-implantation and estrogenic activity in albino rats

Sharangouda J. Patil; Venkatesh S; Vishwanatha T; Saraswati B. Patil

Sharangouda J. Patil Department of Zoology,Government First Grade Degree College, K. R. Puram, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Venkatesh S Department of Biology, Vishwa Jyothi P.U. College, Siraguppa, Bellary, Karnataka, India
Vishwanatha T Department of Microbiology, Maharani’s Science College for Women, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Saraswati B. Patil Department of Post-Graduate Studies and Research in Zoology, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga, Karnataka, India

Keywords: Citrus medica, Anti-implantation, Pregnancy,, Estrogenic,, Antifertility, Rats

Abstract

The therapeutic effect of medicinal plants for the treatment of various diseases is based on the presence of chemical constituents in the plants. The present investigation is aimed to justify the active principle of Citrus medical seeds by isolating chromatographic fractions of petroleum ether extract and studied for anti-implantation, pregnancy interruption and estrogenic activities in albino rats. Two fractions were obtained from thin layer chromatography (TLC) and subjected for testing to know their anti-implantation, pregnancy interruption and estrogenic activities in in vitro. Each isolated fraction (I & II) at the dose level of 50mg and 100mg/kg body weight were administered orally for 7 days in 5 groups (from day 1 to 7 of pregnancy) to pregnant rats for anti-implantation, pregnancy interruption on day 10. Also non-pregnant rats in 6 groups for estrogenic activity. Among the two isolated TLC fractions, fraction II at 50 and 100mg/kg body weight is highly significantly effective in reducing mean number of implants and exhibited 71.65 & 80.17 percent inhibition of implantation respectively. Estrogenic activity of fraction II at the dose level of 100mg/kg body weight exhibited highly significant increase in the wet weight of uterus and adrenals diameter of uterus, thickness of myometrium & endometrium and epithelial cell height. Vaginal cornification and premature opening of vagina in 6 out of 6 rats exhibited positive result and almost similar to Ethinyl estradiol administration. Furthermore, histological changes of uterus and adrenals were support the anti-implantation and estrogenic study. Hence, the results concluded that estrogenic nature of the fraction II, at 100mg/kg body weight level, possessing active constituents present in petroleum ether extract and have been proved to have significant antifertility activity in Citrus medica seeds.

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